Theme Courses Theme Events Theme Links

When confronted with the description of a literal dark cloud of air pollution hanging over Coketown in Dickens’s novel Hard Times, many readers are immediately persuaded not only that our current environmental crisis has its roots in the 19th century, but that it was clearly making its appearance in the literature of the day. However, turn the clock back two centuries, to Milton or the 18th century novel, and many of the same readers are remarkably resistant to the notion that the roots of the crisis could possibly reach back so far--at least with respect to such "modern" environmental problems as industrial air pollution. Nonetheless, air pollution, toxic waste, increased urbanization, deforestation, wetland loss, radical changes in land use, and a host of similar environmental issues were surprisingly timely ones in Early Modern England, routinely making their appearance in the literature from 1500-1800. Indeed, by the time Milton was writing Paradise Lost it was already known that respiratory illness from urban air pollution was second only to the Plague as the leading cause of death in London. The 2008-2009 EMC Theme, "Before Environmentalism," will provide a forum to explore the early modern literary and cultural response to these environmental issues, which gave shape to modern environmentalism.

Each year the Early Modern Center and its affiliates organize a number of exciting courses and events around the yearly theme. Several early modern graduate and undergraduate courses will also be in dialogue with the year’s theme. In addition, the EMC will host a Fall Colloquium, a Winter conference, and the Bliss-Zimmerman Seminar in the Spring--all on the theme "Before Environmentalism." Speakers will include Jill Casid, Angus Fletcher, Carolyn Merchant, Beth Fowkes Tobin, and Robert N. Watson.

Please visit our "Before Environmentalism" 2009 conference website here.


Before Environmentalism Courses

(Spring 2009) ENGL 10EM: Introduction to Literary Study (Undergraduate)
Examining the poetry, prose, and drama of the Early Modern Period in England, this course will explore the 16th and 17th century understanding of nature, a period in which pastoral literature flourished. As English writers increasingly set their works in rural landscapes, did their understanding of nature evolve? More fundamentally, what did “nature” mean to Early Modern England? Did it mean any one thing? Was it simply a convenient site onto which a culture could project idealized and lost values that contrasted with the vices and insecurities of early modern life? Or did it serve other cultural fantasies? A source of lost origins: the garden as “The Garden of Eden” for example? In the desire to return more fundamentally to this sense of nature, which their literature suggests, was there any way of getting back to nature? Finally, as science advanced in the early seventeenth century, mapping out a project for knowing nature, what new meanings did nature acquire?
   
(Winter 2009) ENGL 231: Milton and Ecology (Graduate)
   

Before Environmentalism Events

(6/5/2009) EMC Undergraduate Conference

This conference will be a forum to showcase outstanding undergraduate work on the early modern period (1500-1800). The event will take place from 1-4 on June 5 in South Hall 2635, and will be followed by a reception.

   
(5/15/2009) Bliss-Zimmerman Seminar: Professor Angus Fletcher

On May 15, Angus Fletcher will present a talk entitled "Poetry, Environment, and the Protected Circle of Wonder." Fletcher is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the City University of New York Graduate School, author of A New Theory for American Poetry: Democracy, the Environment, and the Future of Imagination. According to Jonathan Bate, "Angus Fletcher is a highly distinguished critic and his New Theory for American Poetry is an appropriately distinguished contribution to the new wave of literary theory that restores the imagination, the aesthetic, the emotions and the natural world to critical discourse." Harold Bloom says, "Angus Fletcher and his work have strongly influenced the way I read poetry…His new book is the crown of his career: bold, original, brimming with imaginative energy on every page."

The Bliss-Zimmerman Seminar will take place at 2:00 in South Hall 2635 and will be followed by a reception. Please join us!

   
(3/6/2009) Early Modern Center Winter Conference:
McCune Conference Room, HSSB 6020, 9:00am -5:00pm

In recent years, scholars have looked to the Renaissance and eighteenth century in order to better understand both the origins of our contemporary environmental crisis, as well as the emergence of modern environmental thinking. Works such as Robert Watson's Back to Nature: The Green and the Real in the Late Renaissance and Gabriel Egan's Green Shakespeare: From Ecopolitics to Ecocriticism, have brought early modern literary studies into current ecocritical debate. As these and other works make clear, environmental issues such as air pollution, toxic waste, increased urbanization, deforestation, wetland loss, and radical changes in land use were surprisingly timely in Early Modern England, routinely making their appearance in the literature of the day. Indeed, by the time Milton was writing Paradise Lost it was already known that respiratory illness from urban air pollution was second only to the Plague as the leading cause of death in London. The EMC's one-day interdisciplinary conference will provide a forum to explore early modern literary and cultural responses to the environmental issues that preceded, and indeed gave shape to, modern environmentalism.

The conference will consist of panel discussions, as well as keynote talks by Carolyn Merchant (Professor of Environmental History, Philosophy, and Ethics in the Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, UC Berkeley) and Jill Casid (Associate Professor of Art History and Director of the Visual Culture Studies Program, University of Wisconsin).

For more information, please see our conference website at Before Environmentalism Conference

   
(11/14/2008) EMC Fall Colloquium:
This year's EMC Fall Colloquium will feature speakers Professor Robert Watson and Professor Beth Fowkes Tobin, both of whom will present work that illuminates this year's theme, "Before Environmentalism." The Colloquium will take place in the McCune Conference Room in the HSSB at UCSB from 1:00-4:00.

Robert N. Watson is a Professor of English at UCLA, and author of Back to Nature: The Green and the Real in the Late Renaissance (Pennsylvania UP, 2006), named the Best Book of Ecocriticism of 2005-2006 by the Association for the Study of Literature and the Environment. He was the winner of the 2006 Elizabeth Dietz Memorial Prize for the year's best book in Renaissance and Early Modern Studies, by the editors of Studies in English Literature. Professor Watson's presentation for this EMC event is entitled "The Ecology of Self in 'Midsummer Night's Dream.'"

Beth Fowkes Tobin is a Professor of English at Arizona State University, and the author of Colonizing Nature: The Tropics in British Arts and Letters, 1760-1820 (Pennsylvania UP, 2005) and Picturing Imperial Power: Colonial Subjects in Eighteenth-Century British Painting (Duke UP, 1999). Professor Tobin's presentation for the Colloquium is entitled "The Duchess's Shells: Natural History Collecting, Gender, and Scientific Practice."

   

Before Environmentalism Links

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